Galapagos birds and evolution - Cactus finches

Probably descendent from ground finches are the cactus finches, being more similar in coloration and distribution. The male cactus finches are mostly black, with probing bills; the females are streaked, like the ground finches. 

Small cactus finch
(Geospiza scandens) is found in the central islands except Fernandina, despite the presence of prickly pear cactus there (the volcanic activity of Fernandina may account for this absence).

Large cactus finch
(G. conirostris) is more limited, found only on Española, Genovesa, Darwin and Wolf. Both finches are found on the large prickly pear cactus of the Galápagos, eating the small insects in the flowers or the fruit itself.

Vegetarian finch
(G. crassirostris), though more closely related to tree finches, lives mainly in the humid highlands of the larger islands. It is lighter in color, more like the tree finches, though the male sports a jet-black head and neck in contrast to its creamy breast. Although its diet is primarily fruits and soft seeds, it will sneak in a few insects now and then.